Virgin Mary, wood, 58 x 28 cm, Museo de Arte Colonial de Bogotá, Colombia

Colonial Religious Sculptures. These sculptures come from churches and convents and were made during the Colonial period (16th, 17th and 18th centuries). They tend to be workshop productions and works of unknown authors that present certain uniformity. However, the schools that are differentiated are those from Quito and Cuzco, of great influence throughout America. They are made from noble woods such as cedar and can measure anywhere from 27 cm to 1.7 m high in the case of life-size images. They are representations of virgins, saints, angels, archangels, crucified Christs, Child Jesus and nativity sets. They are polychrome, usually over gold or silver plating, with specific colors: the angels and the Child Jesus are a bright pink imitating the skin, archangels are dressed in Roman clothing with floral motifs of varied colors, the Virgin wears a blue or green cloak and Saint Joseph a red cloak, etc. The faces, hands, and feet are of a pearly pink with a brilliant, and sometimes matte, appearance. The garments often show floral and vegetable adornments. The majority is done in a single piece. Some sculptures can have cloth garments over the sculpted garment or on an unsculpted body (sometimes, they have lost their suits and have the aspect of dolls).The garments can also be of glued, polychromed and quilted cloth. Sometimes the sculptures have pedestals and silver accessories such as crowns or wings and can have adornments of beads or natural hair. Some have cold, frigid faces since they are made from lead masks painted a skin color and glass eyes. Deserving honorable mention are the sculptures from the Jesuit and Franciscan missions on the borders of Argentina (Misiones province), Bolivia (Chiquitania and Moxos), Paraguay (states of Misiones and Itapua), western Brazil and northeast Uruguay. Although some sculptures do not differ from the rest of colonial sculptures, there were local workshops with indigenous handwork that sculpted or carved images with a special ingenuous and popular air due to their simplicity, lack of proportions, and sober sense of form.